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1993-05-03
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PUBLIC INFORMATION OFFICE
JET PROPULSION LABORATORY
CALIFORNIA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY
NATIONAL AERONAUTICS AND SPACE ADMINISTRATION
PASADENA, CALIF. 91109. TELEPHONE (818) 354-5011
FOR IMMEDIATE RELEASE Aug. 3, 1989
Images from the Voyager 2 spacecraft have revealed
three additional new moons in orbit around Neptune, Voyager
imaging team scientists announced today.
The discovery brings to six the total of moons
known to exist around the blue planet, including one, 1989
N1, discovered by Voyager 2 last month. The spacecraft,
launched in 1977, has been to Jupiter, Saturn and Uranus, and
will come within 4,850 kilometers (3,000 miles) of Neptune at
9 p.m. (PDT) on Aug. 24, 1989.
Finding so many moons when the spacecraft was
more than 22 million miles away from Neptune may mean there
are many more to be found in coming weeks, according to
Voyager scientists.
The three newest Neptunian satellites, temporarily
designated 1989 N2, 1989 N3 and 1989 N4, were tracked as
candidate moons in images returned by the spacecraft over a
five-day period. When the objects were found to follow
predicted orbits, Voyager imaging scientists yesterday were
able to confirm them as moons of Neptune. Their temporary
names designate the order in which they were discovered.
Preliminary calculations indicate the objects may
range from 100 to 200 kilometers (about 60 to 125 miles) in
diameter.
Like 1989 N1, the three new moons occupy nearly
circular and equatorial orbits around the planet. All move
in prograde orbits (in the same direction the planet
rotates), making the large moon Triton, which occupies a
retrograde orbit, even more of an oddity in the Neptune
system.
The innermost of the new moons is 1989 N3, which
orbits at a distance of about 52,000 kilometers (32,300
miles) from the center of the planet, or about 27,300
kilometers (about 17,000 miles) from Neptune's cloud tops.
It makes one complete orbit of Neptune every 8 hours, 10
minutes.
Next out is 1989 N4, orbiting about 62,000
kilometers from the planet's center, or about 37,300
kilometers (23,300 miles) from the cloud tops. It orbits the
planet every 10 hours, 20 minutes.
The outermost is 1989 N2, at about 73,000
kilometers (45,400 miles) from Neptune's center, or about
48,300 kilometers (30,000 miles) from the cloud tops. It
makes an orbit every 13 hours, 30 minutes.
All three new moons exist in the region where
partial Neptunian rings, or "ring arcs," are thought to
exist. If ring arcs exist, the new moons might play an
important role in "shepherding" and maintaining them, Voyager
scientists said. The search for moons and visible ring arcswill continue as Voyager 2 flies toward Neptune.
Several sequences of spacecraft activity include plans to
point Voyager 2's cameras at any newly discovered ring arcs
or moons.
The Voyager Mission is conducted by the Jet
Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, Calif., for NASA's Office of
Space Science and Applications.
#1253MBM
8/3/89